Robotic Surgery vs. Traditional: Best Option for Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men globally. In India, around 40,000 new cases were reported in 2020, projected to double to approximately 71,000 by 2040, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. As cases increase, there is a growing demand for advanced treatment options.

Prostate cancer originates in the prostate gland, part of the male reproductive system, located near the penis, seminal vesicles, and testicles. As men age, the prostate may enlarge, leading to abnormal cell growth and the formation of tumours. These tumours can cause symptoms such as difficulty urinating, blood in the urine, and infections. Early detection and timely tumour removal are crucial for effective treatment.

At Apex Hospitals, recognized as one of the best Robotic cancer surgery hospitals in Rajasthan, surgery is recommended as the most effective treatment for early-stage prostate cancer that hasn't spread. While there are alternative treatments available, surgery—whether open, laparoscopic, or robotic—remains the primary approach. In all cases, the prostate gland is removed and replaced with a prosthetic implant.

The surgical approach is the critical difference between traditional open and robotic-assisted surgery. Traditional open surgery requires a large incision, while robotic-assisted surgery uses smaller incisions and is guided by a robotic system controlled by the surgeon. This transition to robotic surgery is gaining popularity for its precision, reduced invasiveness, and faster recovery times, making it an increasingly preferred option for prostate cancer treatment.

What is Prostatectomy?

A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove all or part of the prostate gland. The method of performing a prostatectomy depends on the specific condition being treated. In some cases, surgery can be performed using small incisions, a technique known as minimally invasive surgery. In such procedures, a surgeon may utilize a robotic system to assist in the operation, enhancing precision and control. Alternatively, in certain situations, traditional open surgery may be necessary, which involves making a single larger incision to access the prostate. Both approaches aim to effectively address prostate conditions, with the choice of technique depending on factors such as the patient's health and the extent of the condition.

Traditional Prostate cancer surgery

Traditional prostate surgery, also known as open prostatectomy, involves a urologist removing all or part of the prostate to treat early-stage prostate cancer. The surgeon accesses the prostate by making a large incision, typically 8 to 10 inches, just below the belly button.

During the traditional radical prostatectomy, the surgeon manually navigates and removes cancerous tissue using surgical tools. While this method is effective, it has certain drawbacks. The visibility and precision during surgery are limited, complicating the procedure. The large incision may also result in longer recovery times, increased blood loss, and higher risks of complications such as infections.

Robotic Prostatectomy

With the advancement of modern technology, minimally invasive techniques have revolutionized prostate cancer surgery, with robotic prostatectomy emerging as one of the most effective methods.

So, what exactly is robotic surgery? In robotic prostate surgery, a robotic system is used to perform the procedure. The surgeon controls the robotic arms from a console, making small incisions in the patient's abdomen to insert the necessary surgical tools and access the prostate. These robotic arms replicate the surgeon's movements with greater precision and range of motion, enhancing the accuracy and control during surgery.

One key benefit of robotic surgery is its ability to provide high-definition, 3D visualization of the surgical area. This allows surgeons to see the prostate and surrounding tissues, improving precision and minimizing the risk of damaging healthy structures. This technology has become increasingly popular due to its ability to perform delicate procedures with enhanced agility and minimal invasiveness.

Robotic surgery vs Traditional surgery

Here are the key differences in outcomes between robotic-assisted prostatectomy and traditional open prostatectomy:

1. Shorter Hospital Stays

Robotic prostatectomy typically involves a shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery. Patients recover more quickly and can return to their daily activities sooner due to the minimally invasive nature of robotic surgery.

2. Reduced Blood Loss and Transfusion Needs

Patients undergoing robotic surgery experience significantly less blood loss, reducing the need for transfusions. This leads to fewer complications and a smoother recovery process.

3. Enhanced Cancer Control with Surgical Margins

Robotic-assisted prostatectomy offers greater precision in removing cancerous tissue while preserving healthy margins. This improved accuracy contributes to better cancer control and long-term outcomes.

4. Improved Urinary Continence and Erectile Function

Robotic surgery has shown better results in preserving bladder control and erectile function postoperatively compared to conventional surgery. This greatly enhances the quality of life for prostate cancer survivors.

5. Less Post-Operative Pain

Due to smaller incisions, patients undergoing robotic surgery report experiencing less pain and discomfort compared to those who undergo traditional open surgery, making the recovery process smoother.

6. Minimal Scarring

Robotic-assisted procedures involve tiny incisions, resulting in minimal or no visible scarring. In contrast, traditional open surgery requires a large incision, which can affect the patient’s cosmetic appearance and self-esteem.

7. Enhanced Precision and Dexterity

Robotic systems give surgeons superior dexterity and control, allowing for precise handling of delicate structures such as blood vessels and nerves. This precision minimizes complications and improves functional outcomes.

8. Steeper Learning Curve for Surgeons

While both methods require expertise, robotic-assisted surgery involves a steeper learning curve due to the technology’s complexity. However, as surgeons gain proficiency, the benefits of robotic surgery become evident in improved outcomes.

Robotic-assisted prostatectomy offers numerous advantages, making it an increasingly preferred option for prostate cancer treatment. However, the decision should be based on carefully evaluating the patient’s condition and consultation with an experienced surgeon.

Robotic Surgery System at Apex Hospitals

Robotic prostatectomy is performed using the SSI MANTRA surgical system. This cutting-edge, India-made robotic platform enables surgeons to operate on the prostate with superior vision, control, and precision, all at an affordable cost. Our advanced program is supported by highly skilled surgeons, nurses, and technicians, all trained to utilize this technology expertly. By minimizing surgical trauma, we strive to improve our patients' long-term survival rates and enhance their overall quality of life.