Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty | Apex Hospitals

What is percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)?

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, commonly known as PTCA or angioplasty, involves the insertion of a catheter into an artery, typically in the groin, arm, or wrist. The catheter is carefully guided to the heart, and a series of X-ray images (coronary angiogram) are captured to visualize narrowed heart arteries. Subsequently, a catheter with a balloon at its tip is directed into the narrowed coronary artery. The balloon is then inflated and deflated multiple times, exerting pressure on the plaque and widening the artery to enhance blood flow.

Additional x-ray images are taken, and upon successful reopening of the artery, the catheters are removed. To prevent bleeding, pressure is applied to the puncture site while the patient rests calmly. This procedure aims to alleviate blockages and improve blood circulation in the heart.

Why consider PTCA?

PTCA, or angioplasty, becomes a consideration when traditional methods, like medication or lifestyle adjustments, prove insufficient to address your condition. If you're facing worsening symptoms such as heightened chest pain (angina) or increased shortness of breath, PTCA may be recommended by your doctor. The procedure aims to alleviate these symptoms and enhance your ability to resume regular activities.

Procedure Details

During the PTCA procedure, a local anaesthetic is applied to numb the groin area. A needle is then inserted into the femoral artery in the leg, and a guide wire is threaded through the needle. After removing the needle, an introducer with two ports is inserted, and the initial guide wire is replaced with a thinner one. A diagnostic catheter is passed through the introducer and into the artery, guided to the aorta, and the guide wire is removed.

Once at the coronary artery opening, the doctor injects dye and takes an X-ray to identify any treatable blockages. If a blockage is found, the catheter is withdrawn, replaced with a guiding catheter, and the wire is removed. A thinner wire is then guided across the blockage, followed by a balloon catheter, inflated briefly to compress the blockage against the artery wall. This inflation-deflation process may be repeated at each blocked or narrowed site.

The doctor may also place a stent, a mesh-like metal scaffold, in the coronary artery to maintain its openness. After completing the compression, dye is injected, and another X-ray is taken to assess artery changes. Finally, the catheter is removed, concluding the procedure.

Speak to our team about Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Speak to our knowledgeable team to learn more about Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) and understand how this procedure can effectively address coronary artery blockages. Our experts are here to provide valuable information, answer your questions, and guide you through the process, ensuring you make informed decisions about your cardiovascular health. Your well-being is our priority, and we are committed to delivering comprehensive support and care.