What is Myelography?
Myelography, a myelogram, is a diagnostic imaging procedure utilized to detect potential issues within the spinal canal. This canal encompasses crucial structures such as the spinal cord, nerve roots, and the subarachnoid space, a fluid-filled area between the spinal cord and its protective membrane. During the examination, contrast dye is injected into the spinal canal. This dye, designed to enhance visibility, aids in highlighting specific organs, blood vessels, and tissues on an x-ray.
Myelography employs either of the following imaging techniques:
1. Fluoroscopy: X-ray imaging provides real-time visualization of internal tissues, structures, and organs as they move.
2. CT scan (Computerized Tomography): This procedure involves capturing a series of X-ray images from various angles around the body, which are then compiled to generate detailed cross-sectional images.
Who needs a myelography?
A myelogram is conducted to assess the spinal cord, subarachnoid space, or other related structures for any alterations or irregularities. It is a valuable diagnostic tool when conventional imaging techniques, such as standard X-rays, fail to provide definitive insights into the underlying causes of back or spine issues. Myelograms are employed to evaluate various conditions, including:
1. Herniated discs, characterized by bulging discs that exert pressure on nerves or the spinal cord
2. Spinal cord or brain tumours.
3. Infections and inflammations affect tissues surrounding the spinal cord and brain.
4. Spinal stenosis involves degeneration and swelling of bones and tissues around the spinal cord, resulting in the narrowing of the canal.
5. Ankylosing spondylitis is a condition that causes the fusion of spinal bones.
6. Bone spurs.
7. Arthritic discs.
8. Cysts are benign capsules containing fluid or solid matter.
9. Trauma or injury to spinal nerve roots.
10. Arachnoiditis is inflammation of the delicate membrane covering the brain.
11. Other reasons besides these conditions may prompt your healthcare provider to recommend a myelogram as part of your diagnostic evaluation.
What are the risks associated with myelography?
There exists a potential risk of an allergic reaction to the contrast dye utilized during the procedure. You must inform your healthcare provider if you have experienced any adverse reactions to contrast dye.
Due to the injection of contrast into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which surrounds the brain, there is a slight risk of seizure following the injection.
Additionally, as this procedure entails a lumbar puncture, several potential complications may arise:
1. Leakage of a small amount of CSF from the needle insertion site leads to post-procedural headaches. If the leak persists, the headache can become severe.
2. There is a slight risk of infection due to the needle's penetration of the skin's surface, potentially allowing bacteria entry.
3. Temporary numbness in the legs or lower back pain may occur.
4. A risk of bleeding within the spinal canal.
Moreover, specific medical conditions may entail additional risks. Addressing any concerns with your healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure is essential.
Procedure Details
A myelography procedure can be conducted either at a radiology centre or within the radiology department of a hospital. The typical steps involved in the procedure are as follows:
1. Clothing Removal: You may be required to remove your clothing and wear a hospital gown for the duration of the procedure.
2. Positioning: You will be asked to lie on your stomach on a padded x-ray table.
3. Cleaning: Your healthcare provider will cleanse your back using an antiseptic solution.
4. Numbing Injection: A numbing medicine will be injected into the area to ensure you do not experience any pain during the procedure.
5. Contrast Dye Injection: Once the area is numbed, your provider will use a thin needle to inject contrast dye into your spinal canal. While you may feel pressure as the needle is inserted, it should not cause significant discomfort.
6. Spinal Fluid Sampling: Your provider may collect a spinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) sample for further testing.
7. Tilted Table: The X-ray table will be tilted in various directions to facilitate the movement of the contrast dye throughout different areas of the spinal cord.
8. Needle Removal: Following the completion of the injection, the needle will be carefully removed.
9. Imaging: Using fluoroscopy or a CT scan, your provider will capture and record images of your spinal cord.
After the procedure
After the test, you may be monitored for one to two hours. It is advisable to lie down at home for a few hours and refrain from engaging in strenuous activities for one to two days following the test.
Speak to our experts about myelography
Speak to our experts about myelography and gain valuable insights into this diagnostic procedure. Whether you have questions about the process, potential risks, or its role in diagnosing spinal conditions, our specialists provide comprehensive information and guidance. Schedule a consultation today and take the first step towards better understanding your healthcare needs.
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